Education
- Doctor of Philosophy, , 1990
- Master of Public Health, Loma Linda University, 1994
- Doctor of Philosophy, Alliant Int'l Univ, San Diego, 1990
- Master of Arts, Alliant Int'l Univ, San Diego, 1986
- Master of Arts, Loma Linda University, 1979
- Bachelor of Arts, Loma Linda University, 1973