Publications

Scholarly Journals--Published

• Kharma K, Hardan L, Kassis C, Dimitriu B, Harouny R, Baba NZ, Bourgi R, Zogheib CM. Can a Novel Device with Pure Air Increase the shear bond strength of dental composites to dentin? An experimental study. Dent J (Basel) 2024 May 24;12(6):160. doi: 10.3390/dj12060160. Modern conservative dentistry is taking the lead in daily clinical practice and is relying on adhesion. Whether it is a simple composite, ceramic inlays, onlays, veneers or crowns, the common factor for a successful outcome is a good bonding of these elements to dental structures. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of resin composite to dentin when using a new device, the DENTIPURE KM™ (KM, Beirut, Lebanon), which provides a pure air flow, free of any contaminants and without humidity, when compared to other dental equipment. One hundred and eighty extracted human molars were equally divided into three groups according to the device used, the DENTIPURE KM™ (KM, Beirut, Lebanon), the KAVO™ (ESTETICA E30/E70/E80 Vision, KAVO, Biberach, Germany), or the ADEC™ (A-dec Performer 200, Newberg, OR, USA). The shear bond strength (SBS) was evaluated after 24 h of storage in distilled water on a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was set with a level of significance at p ≤ 0.05. The results revealed that significantly different bond strength was imparted by the DENTIPURE KM™ device and the ADEC™ dental unit (p = 0.042). In conclusion, while the DENTIPURE KM™ device shows promise in providing contaminant-free air during bonding, its impact on dentin bond strength compared to devices like the KAVO™ appears minimal. Further research is needed to fully assess its potential in enhancing dentinal adhesion procedures. (05/2024) (link)
• AlRumaih HS, Albarrak AA, AlMedaires M, Alsulaiman AA, Baba NZ, Alshahrani FA, Alqarawi FK, Al-Dulaijan YA, Alzoubi F, Alhumaidan AA, Gad MM. Influence of Denture cleansers on the retention loss of attachment systems retained implant overdenture. Int J Biomater. 2023 Apr 29;2023:5077785. doi: 10.1155/2023/5077785. eCollection 2023. 16. Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different denture cleansing solutions (DCSs) on the retention of Locator and Locator R-Tx attachment systems of implant retained overdentures (IRO). Methods: Two part acrylic resin blocks were fabricated, upper part contained metal housing and plastic inserts and lower part contained implant analogs and abutments. Eighty pink plastic inserts (40/attachment, 10/solution) were immersed in Corega, Fittydent, sodium hypochlorite, and water for a time simulating upto 1-year of clinical usage. Acrylic blocks were held on a universal testing machine for a pull-out test to record the dislodgement force. Measurements were conducted after 6 months (T1) and 12 months (T2). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD test was used to analyze the results (α = 0.05). Results: For both attachments, retention significantly decreased after immersion in different solutions at T2 (P < 0.001). Locator R-Tx attachment in NaOCl showed a significant decrease in retention compared with other solutions at T1. At T2, there was a significant decrease in retention for all DCS compared with water (P < 0.001). Locator R-TX showed higher retention values per solution compared to Locator attachment (P < 0.001). In terms of retention loss %, NaOCl recorded the highest (61.87%) loss, followed by Corega (55.54%) and Fittydent (43.13%), whereas water demonstrated the best retention (16.13%) in both groups. Conclusion: Locator R-TX has better retention with different DCS immersion. The loss of retention varied with different types of DCS and NaOCl recorded the highest retention loss. Therefore, denture cleanser selection must be guided by the type of IRO attachment. (04/2023) (link)
• Hamad KQA, Rashdan RBA, A-Rashdan BA, Baba NZ. Effect of milling on trueness and precision of ceramic crowns. J Prosthodont 2020 Aug 28. doi: 10.1111/jopr.13245. Online ahead of print. To investigate the effect of different milling protocols for different ceramic materials on the trueness and precision of milled ceramic crowns. (08/2020) (link)
• Al Hamad KQ, Obaidat II, Baba NZ. The effect of ceramic type and background color on shade reproducibility of all-ceramic restorations. J Prosthodont 2020:29(6):511-517 To investigate the effects of background color on shade reproduction using CAD/CAM zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramics. (07/2020) (link)
• Al-Qarni FD, Goodacre CJ, Kattadiyil MT, Baba NZ, Paravina RD. Stainability of acrylic resin materials used in CAD/CAM and conventional complete dentures. J Prosthet Dent 2020;29(6):511-517. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the stainability of acrylic resins used in CAD-CAM-fabricated complete dentures compared with conventional materials. (06/2020) (link)
• Gad MM, Abualsaud R, Al-Thobity AM, Baba NZ, Al-Harbi FA. Influence of Addiction of Different Nanoparticles on the Surface Properties of Poly(methylmethacrylate) Denture Base Material. J Prosthodont 2020;29(5):422-428 To evaluate and compare the surface properties (roughness and hardness) of poly(methylmethacrylate) denture base material modified with zirconium dioxide (ZNPs), silicon dioxide (SNPs), and diamond (DNPs) nanoparticles. (06/2020) (link)
• Daou EE, Baba NZ. Evalutation of Marginal and Internal Fit of Presintered Co-Cr and Zirconia Three-Unit Fixed Dental Prosthesis Compared to Cast Co-Cr. J Prosthodont. 2020 Apr 25. doi: 10.1111/jopr.13183. Online ahead of print. The precision of soft metal processing technologies is poorly documented. This study compared marginal and internal fit of presintered cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) and zirconia three-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) to cast Co-Cr. (04/2020) (link)
• Baba NZ, Goodacre BJ, Goodacre CJ, Müller F, Wagner S. CAD/CAM complete denture systems and physical properties: A review of the literature. J Prosthodont. 2020 Aug 26. doi: 10.1111/jopr.13243. Online ahead of print. CAD/CAM complete dentures have increased in popularity and a wide variety of systems are currently available. These prostheses present many advantages for clinicians, technicians and patients. Subtractive manufacturing is used by most of the available systems while a few manufacturers use an additive manufacturing technique. This article describes the currently available systems and materials available for the fabrication of CAD/CAM complete dentures and reviews the literature relative to their physical properties. (04/2020) (link)
• Al-Dwairi Z, Tahboub KY, Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. A comparison of the impact strengths and flexure modulus of CAD\CAM and conventional heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). J Prosthodont 2020;29(4):341-349 The introduction of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology to the field of removable prosthodontics has recently made it possible to fabricate complete dentures of prepolymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) blocks, which are claimed to be of better mechanical properties; however, no published reports that have evaluated mechanical properties of CAD/CAM PMMA. The purpose of this study was to compare flexural strength, impact strength, and flexural modulus of two brands of CAD/CAM PMMA and a conventional heat-cured PMMA. (04/2020) (link)
• Abushowmi TH, AlZaher ZA, Almaskin DF, Qaw MS, Abualsaud R, Akhtar S, Al-Thobity AM, Al-Harbi FA, Gad MM, Baba NZ. Comparative effect of glass fiber and nano-filler addition on denture repair strength. J Prosthodont 2020;29(3):261-266 To evaluate and compare the effects of glass fiber (GF), Zirconium oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZrO2 ), and silicon dioxide nanoparticles (nano-SiO2 ) addition on the flexural strength and impact strength of repaired denture base material. (03/2020) (link)
• Tehini G, Baba NZ, Berberi A, Majzoub Z, Bassal H, Rifai K. Effect of simulated mastication on the retention of Locator® attachments for implant-supported overdentures: An in vitro pilot study. J Prosthodont 2020;29:74-79. Limited information is currently available relative to the effect of masticatory loads on the retentive properties of Locator attachments. The aims of this in vitro study were to assess and compare the effect of simulated mastication on the retention of white, pink, and blue Locator inserts for overdentures retained by 2 implants. (01/2020) (link)
• Eid RY, Koken S, Baba NZ, Ounsi H, Ferrari M, Salameh Z. Effect of fabrication technique and thermal cycling on the bond strength of CAD/CAM milled custom fit anatomical post and caores: An in vitro study. J Prosthodont. 2019 Oct;28(8):898-905. This study is to investigate the effect of milling custom fit anatomical post and cores from fiber reinforced composite and high-density polymer blocks using CAD/CAM technology on the bond strength to root canal dentin compared with prefabricated fiber posts, and to evaluate the influence of thermal cycling on the push out bond strength of the tested materials. (10/2019) (link)
• Al Hamad KQ, Abu Al-Addous AM, Al-Wahadni AM, Baba NZ, Goodacre BJ. Surface roughness of monolithic and layered zirconia restorations at different stages of finishing and polishing: An in vitro study. J Prosthodont 2019 Aug;28(7):818-825. To evaluate surface roughness and topography of different zirconia-based restorations at various steps of finishing and polishing. (08/2019) (link)
• Al Hamad KQ, Al Quran FA, AlJalam SA, Baba NZ. Comparison of the accuracy of fit of metal, zirconia, and lithium disilicate crowns made from different manufacturing techniques. J Prosthodont 2019 Jun;28(5):497-503. To evaluate the accuracy of fit of metal, lithium disilicate, and zirconia crowns, which were produced using different manufacturing techniques. (06/2019) (link)
• Al-Dwairi ZN, Tahboub KY, Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ, Özcan M. A comparison of the surface properties of CAD/CAM and conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). J Prosthodont 2019 Apr;28(4):452-457. To compare surface properties of 2 brands of pre-polymerized resin blocks for complete dentures (CAD/CAM PMMA) to conventional heat-polymerized PMMA. (04/2019) (link)
• Alsrouji MS, Ahmad R, Ibrahim N, Kuntjoro W, Al-Harbi FA, Baba NZ. Blood flow alterations in the anterior maxillary mucosa as induced by implant-retained overdenture. J Prosthodont. 2019 Apr;28(4):373-378. Blood flow disturbance from functional pressure may lead to ischemia and accumulation of metabolites leading to residual ridge resorption (RRR) underneath complete dentures. The purposes of this study were to determine the effect of mandibular complete denture (CD) and implant-retained overdenture (IRO) on blood flow disturbance in the opposing denture bearing-mucosa of maxillary CD and to compare the blood flow disturbance to RRR of the anterior maxilla. (04/2019) (link)
• Dahiya A, Baba NZ, Kattadiyil MT, Goodacre CJ, Mann A. Comparison of the effects of cement removal from zirconia and titanium abutments: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2019;121(3):504-9 The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the effectiveness of excess cement removal from zirconia and titanium custom abutments using an explorer and to compare the effects of cement removal on the abutment surfaces. (03/2019) (link)
• Al-Dwairi ZN, Alkhatatbeh RM, Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. A Comparison of the marginal and internal fit of porcelain laminate veneers fabricated by pressing and CAD/CAM milling and cemented with 2 different resin cements. J Prosthet Dent. 2019 Mar;121(3):470-476. The marginal and internal adaptations of porcelain laminate veneers (PLVs) are key elements in their long-term success. However, the marginal and internal fit obtained with a pressable material compared with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) needs further investigation as does the choice of cement used. (03/2019) (link)
• Tehini G, Baba NZ, Majzoub Z, Nahas P, Berberi A, Rifai K. In Vitro Effect of Mastication on the Retention and Wear of Locator Attachments in a Flat Mandibular ridge Model. J Prosthodont 2019;28(2):e744-e751. The effect of masticatory loads on the retention of overdenture attachments is poorly documented. The aim of this in vitro study is to assess the effect of simulated mastication on the retentive properties and dimensions of Locator inserts. (02/2019) (link)
• Alsrouji MS, Ahmad R, Abdul Razak NH, Shuib S, Kuntjoro W, Baba NZ. Premaxilla Stress Distribution and Bone Resoption Induced by Implant Overdenture and Conventional Denture. J Prosthodont 2019;28(2):e764-e770. To relate the principal stress, strain, and total deformation in the premaxilla region beneath a complete denture to the pattern of premaxilla bone resorption when opposed by a conventional complete denture (CD) or by a two-implant-retained overdenture (IOD) using finite element analysis (FEA). (02/2019) (link)
• Al Hamad KQ, Al Rashdan BA, Al Omari WM, Baba NZ. Comparison of the fit of lithium disilicate crowns made from conventional, digital, or conventional/digital techniques. J Prosthodont 2019;28(2):e580-e586. To evaluate the fit of single crowns fabricated using conventional, digital, or cast digitization methods. (02/2019) (link)
• Mina NR, Baba NZ, Al-Harbi FA, Elgezawi MF, Daou M. The influence of simulated aging on the color stability of composite resin cements. J Prosthet Dent 2019;121(2):306-10. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the color stability of 4 types of composite resin cements after water aging. (02/2019) (link)
• Abi-Aad HL, Daher FI, Baba NZ, Cordioli G, Majzoub ZAK. Insertion Torque of Variable-Thread Tapered Implants in the Posterior Maxilla: A clinical study. J Prosthodont 2019;28(2):e788-e794. Primary stability is a key factor for successful implant osseointegration, especially in poor bone quality and early/immediate loading. In the immediate loading protocol, insertion torque values (ITVs) have been suggested to be the most valid prognostic factor for osseointegration of maxillary implants. The objectives of this study were to: (1) evaluate ITVs achieved by a variable-thread tapered implant in the posterior maxilla; and (2) assess the impact of bone quality, implant dimensions, bicortical anchorage, and implant location on ITVs. (02/2019) (link)
• Al-Harbi FA, Abdel-Halim MS, Gad MM, Fouda SM, Baba NZ, AlRumaih HS, Akhtar S. Effect of Nanodiamond Addition on Flexural Strength, Impact strength and Surface Roughness of PMMA Denture Base. J Prosthodont 2019;28(2):e417-e425. To assess the effect of addition of different concentrations of nanodiamonds (NDs) on flexural strength, impact strength, and surface roughness of heat-polymerized acrylic resin. (01/2019) (link)
• Baba NZ, Al-Harbi FA, Alrumaih HS, AlShehri A. A Novel extended range attachment system to Retain Implant Overdentures: a clinical report. J prosthodont 2019;28(1):3-9. Various attachment systems have been used to facilitate the retention, stability, and support of overdentures. The low profile design, pivoting technology, and durability of the Locator attachment made it one of the commonly used tissue-supported implant-retained overdentures. It has been successfully used to retain overdentures as well as partial dentures. This article describes the uses of the new Locator R-Tx abutment and illustrates both the direct and indirect techniques used to process the denture attachment housing into the prosthesis to retain overdentures and partial dentures. (01/2019) (link)
• Bou Chebel F, Zogheib CM, Baba NZ, Corbani KA. Clinical comparative evaluation of Nd:YAG laser and new varnish containing casein Phosphopeptides-Amorphous calcium Phosphate for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity: A prospective study. J Prosthodont 2018;27(9):860-867. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Nd:YAG laser to that of a new varnish: MI Varnish with RECALDENT (GC), for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity, with a follow-up of 6 months. Dentinal hypersensitivity was evaluated using a new thermal test never before used on dental tissue. (12/2018) (link)
• Goodacre BJ Goodacre CJ, Baba NZ. Using introral scanning to capture complete denture impressions, tooth positions, and centric relations records. Int J Prosthodont 2018;31(4):377-381. Intraoral scanning was used to capture the soft tissue surfaces of both maxillary and mandibular edentulous ridges and the denture borders. Additionally, an intraoral scanner was used to digitize existing dentures with their tooth positions and base forms and a centric relation record obtained with a Gothic arch-tracing device. These scans provided all the required records for fabrication of computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing of complete dentures. (08/2018) (link)
• Alsayed HD, Alqahtani NM, Alzayer YM, Morton D, Levon JA, Baba NZ. Prosthodontic rehabilitation with monolithic CAD-CAM complete overdentures in an adolescent patient with ectodermal dysplasia: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2018;119(6):873-878. Ectodermal dysplasia is a rare, hereditary, congenital disease that affects the normal development of certain tissues and structures of ectodermal origin. The disease is manifested to different degrees of severity and may involve the nose, eyes, hair, nails, sweat glands, and enamel. This report describes a 14-year-old boy with ectodermal dysplasia, rehabilitated with monolithic, multichromatic maxillary and mandibular computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) acrylic resin complete overdentures. (06/2018) (link)
• Goodacre BJ, Goodacre CJ, Baba NZ, Kattadiyil MT. Comparison of denture tooth movement between CAD/CAM and conventional fabrication techniques. J Prosthet Dent 2018,119:108-115. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the denture tooth movement of pack-and-press, fluid resin, injection, CAD-CAM-bonded, and CAD-CAM monolithic techniques for fabricating dentures to determine which process produces the most accurate and reproducible prosthesis. (01/2018) (link)
• Sharma AP, Hondorp B, Gaiduchik A, Baba NZ, Thakker J, Inman JC. Management of Malocclusion after maxillofacial trauma. Facial Plastic Surg 2017 Dec;33(6):562-570. (12/2017) (link)
• Parciak EC, Dahiya AT, AlRumaih HS, Kattadiyil MT, Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. Comparison of maxillary anterior tooth width and facial dimensions of 3 ethnicities. J Prosthet Dent 2017;118:504-510. The purpose of this observational study was to investigate the relationship between the mesiodistal dimensions of the 6 maxillary anterior teeth and the bizygomatic width, interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance, interalar width, and intercommissural width of individuals of Asian, African-American, and white ethnicities. (10/2017) (link)
• AlHelal A, AlRumaih HS, Kattadiyil MT, Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. Comparison of retention between maxillary milled and conventional denture bases: A clinical study. J Prosthet Dent 2017;117:233-238. The purpose of this clinical study was to compare the retention values of conventional heat-polymerized denture bases with those of digitally milled maxillary denture bases. (02/2017) (link)
• AlRumaih HS, Baba NZ, AlShehri A, AlHelal A, Al-Humaidan A. Obstructive sleep apnea management: An overview of the literature. J Prosthodont. 2016 Sep 6. doi: 10.1111/jopr.12530. [Epub ahead of print]. (09/2016) (link)
• Baba NZ. Materials and processes for CAD/CAM complete denture fabrication. Curr Oral Health Rep 2016;3(3):203-8. (08/2016) (link)
• Goodacre BJ, Goodacre CJ, Baba NZ, Kattadiyil MT. Comparison of denture base adaptation between CAD/CAM and conventional fabrication techniques. J Prosthet Dent 2016 Apr 22. pii: S0022-3913(16)00159-1. doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.02.017. [Epub ahead of print]. (04/2016) (link)
• Al-Harbi FA, Ayad NM, ArRejaie AS, Bahgat HA, Baba NZ. Effect of aging regimens on resin nanoceramic chairside CAD/CAM material. J Prosthodont. 2015 Dec 14. doi: 10.1111/jopr.12408. [Epub ahead of print] (12/2015) (link)
• Al-Ansari A, Al-Harbi F, Baba NZ. An in vitro evaluation of the bond strength of composite resin core build-up material to dentin. J Prosthet Dent 2015 Oct;114(4):529-35. (10/2015) (link)
• Kattadiyil MT, Jekki R, Goodacre CJ, Baba NZ. Comparison of treatment outomes in digital and conventional complete removable dental prosthesis fabrications in a predoctoral setting. J Prosthet Dent. 2015 Sep 25. pii: S0022-3913(15)00438-2. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.08.001. [Epub ahead of print] (10/2015) (link)
• AlHelal A, Baba NZ, AlRumaih H. An alternative technique for the fabrication of a metal reinforced interim implant-supported fixed prosthesis: A case report. J Prosthodont. 2015 Aug 21. doi: 10.1111/jopr.12337. [Epub ahead of print] (08/2015) (link)
• Al-Harbi F, Nathanson D, Morgano SM, Baba NZ. Fracture resistance and failure mode of fatigued endodontically treated teeth restored with fiber-reinforced resin posts and metallic posts in vitro.  Dent Traumatol 2014 Aug;30(4):317-25. (08/2014) (link)
• Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ, Kattadiyil MT. Tooth Retention Through Root Canal Treatment Or Tooth Extraction And Implant Placement: A Prosthodontic Perspective. Quintessence Int 2014 May;45(5):405-16. (05/2014) (link)
• Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ, Jekki R, Won J. Gingival displacement for impression making in fixed prosthodontics: Contemporary principles, materials, and techniques. Accepted for publication. Dent Clin North Am 2014 Jan;58(1):45-68. (01/2014) (link)
• Kattadiyil MT, Goodacre CJ, Baba NZ. CAD/CAM complete dentures: a review of two commercial fabrication systems. J Calif Dent Assoc 2013 Jun;41(6):407-16.   (06/2013) (link)
• Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ, Daher T. The restoration of endodontically treated teeth: the seven keys to success. General Dentistry 2009;57(6):596-603. (09/2009) (link)
• Baba NZ, Golden G, Goodacre CJ. Non-metallic prefabricated dowels: A review of compositions, properties, laboratory and clinical test results. Journal of Prosthodontics 2009;18:527-536. (08/2009) (link)
• Daher T, Meserkhani V, Baba NZ, Morgano S. "Time-saving, predictable method for the fabrication of a definitive cast for implant-supported prosthesis." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 98. (2007): 70-71. (Present) (link)
• Baba NZ, Daher T. "Oral rehabilitation of ectodermal dysplasia with removable prosthodontics: a case report." Journal of the Lebanese dental Association 39. (2001): 31-36. (Present)
• Baba NZ, Itani MN. "Implant-supported mandibular overdenture retained with Locator abutments: a case report." Journal Dentaire du Quebec 42. (2005): 115-120. (Present)
• Daher T, Baba N, Morgano SM. A custom-made device to unlock extracoronal locking-type attachments. J Prosthet Dent 2008;100:406-7 (Present) (link)
• Baba NZ, Berry F, Lehnhof MC. Early shear bond strength of experimental amalgam-bonding combinations with and without thermocycling. Int Arab J dent 2011;2(2):25-30. (Present)
• Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. Key principles that enhance success when restoring endodontically treated teeth. Roots 2011;7(2):30-35. (Present)
• Arnett MR, Baba NZ. Improving tobacco dependence education among the Loma Linda University School of Dentistry faculty. J Dent Educ 2011;75(6):832-8     (Present) (link)
• Chedid NR, Bourgeois D, Kaloustian H, Baba NZ, Pilipili C. Caries prevalence and caries risk in a sample of Lebanese preschool children. Odontostomatol Trop 2011 Jun;34(134):31-45.   (Present) (link)
• Arnett MR, Baba NZ, Cheek D. Improving tobacco dependence education for dental and dental hygiene students at Loma Linda University School of Dentistry. J Dent Educ 2012 Apr;76(4):472-8.     (Present) (link)

Abstract

• AlRumaih HS, Albarrak AA, AlMedaires M, Alsulaiman AA, Baba NZ, Alshahrani FA, Alqarawi FK, Al-Dulaijan YA, Alzoubi F, Alhumaidan AA, Gad MM. Influence of Denture cleansers on the retention loss of attachment systems retained implant overdenture. Int J Biomater. 2023 Apr 29;2023:5077785. doi: 10.1155/2023/5077785. eCollection 2023.  Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different denture cleansing solutions (DCSs) on the retention of Locator and Locator R-Tx attachment systems of implant retained overdentures (IRO). Methods: Two part acrylic resin blocks were fabricated, upper part contained metal housing and plastic inserts and lower part contained implant analogs and abutments. Eighty pink plastic inserts (40/attachment, 10/solution) were immersed in Corega, Fittydent, sodium hypochlorite, and water for a time simulating upto 1-year of clinical usage. Acrylic blocks were held on a universal testing machine for a pull-out test to record the dislodgement force. Measurements were conducted after 6 months (T1) and 12 months (T2). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD test was used to analyze the results (α = 0.05). Results: For both attachments, retention significantly decreased after immersion in different solutions at T2 (P < 0.001). Locator R-Tx attachment in NaOCl showed a significant decrease in retention compared with other solutions at T1. At T2, there was a significant decrease in retention for all DCS compared with water (P < 0.001). Locator R-TX showed higher retention values per solution compared to Locator attachment (P < 0.001). In terms of retention loss %, NaOCl recorded the highest (61.87%) loss, followed by Corega (55.54%) and Fittydent (43.13%), whereas water demonstrated the best retention (16.13%) in both groups. Conclusion: Locator R-TX has better retention with different DCS immersion. The loss of retention varied with different types of DCS and NaOCl recorded the highest retention loss. Therefore, denture cleanser selection must be guided by the type of IRO attachment. (04/2023) (link)
• (PEER REVIEWED) Lehnhof MC, Baba NZ, Berry FA, Lu H. Effect of thermocycling on bond stength of amalgam to dentin. J Dent Res 2008;87:special issue B. (2008)
• (PEER REVIEWED) Baba NZ, Lehnhof MC, Berry FA, Lu H. Bond Strength of Amalgam Bonded to Dentin using various Amalgam Bonding Agents. J Dent Res 2008;87: special issue A. (2008)

Books and Chapters

• Baba NZ. The Fabrication of digital complete dentures.  In: Driscoll CF, Golden WG. Treating the complete denture patient, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2020. (09/2020)
• Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. Contemporary Restoration of Endodontically treated teeth. In: Rotstein I, Ingle JI, eds. Ingle’s Endodontics 7th ed., Raleigh, NC: PMPH, 2019. (09/2019)
• Baba NZ, White SN, Bogen G. Restoration of endodontically treated teeth. In: Chugal N, Lin LM. Endodontic Prognosis – Cinical guide for optimal treatment outcome, New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 2016. (09/2016)
• Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ, Kattadiyil MT. CAD/CAM removable prosthodontics. In: Masri R, Driscoll CF. Clinical applications of digital technology, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2015. ISBN: 978-1-118-65579-5 (2015)
• Nadim Z. Baba. Contemporary restoration of endodontically treated teeth: Evidence-based diagnosis and treatment planning. Chicago, IL: Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc., 2012. ISBN 978-0-86715-571-6 (Present) (link)
• Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. Treatment Options and Materials for Endodontically Treated Teeth. In: Baba NZ. Contemporary restoration of endodontically treated teeth: Evidence-based diagnosis and treatment planning, Chicago, IL: Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc., 2012. (Present) (link)
• Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ, Al-Harbi F. Principles for Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth. In: Baba NZ. Contemporary restoration of endodontically treated teeth: Evidence-based diagnosis and treatment planning, Chicago, IL: Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc., 2012. (Present) (link)
• Garbacea A, Baba NZ, Lozada JL. Intra-alveolar Transplantation. In: Baba NZ. Contemporary restoration of endodontically treated teeth: Evidence-based diagnosis and treatment planning, Chicago, IL: Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc., 2012. (Present) (link)
• Forde R, Baba NZ, Jekki B. Post Removal. In: Baba NZ. Contemporary restoration of endodontically treated teeth: Evidence-based diagnosis and treatment planning, Chicago, IL: Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc., 2012. (Present) (link)
• Baba NZ, Daher T, Jekki R. Retrofitting of a Post to an Existing Crown. In: Baba NZ. Contemporary restoration of endodontically treated teeth: Evidence-based diagnosis and treatment planning, Chicago, IL: Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc., 2012. (Present) (link)
• Goodacre CJ, Baba NZ: Restoration of Endodontically treated teeth. Chapter 40. In Endodontics 6th ed., Ingle JI and Bakland LK editors. BC Decker Inc., Toronto, Canada, 2008. (Present)

Scholarly Journals--Accepted

• Baba NZ, AlRumaih H, Goodacre BJ, Goodacre CJ. Current techniques in CAD/CAM denture fabrication. Gen Dent 2016. Accepted for publication. (10/2016)

Non-Scholarly Journals

• New abutment benefits both patient and practitioner (2016)

Book Review - Scholarly Journals--Published

• Maxillofacial Rehabilitation: Prosthodontic and Surgical Management of Cancer-Related, Acquired, and Congenital Defects of the Head and Neck, Third Edition. Journal of Prosthodontics. Volume 22, Issue 3, page 250, April 2013. (04/2013)